Urology / Nephrology Mnemonics: Mastering Renal Health Made Simple

D

Dialysis: indications: AEIOU:

• Acid-base problems (severe acidosis or alkalosis)
• Electrolyte problems (hyperkalemia)
• Intoxications
• Overload, fluid
• Uremic symptoms
  • Author: Malvinder S. Parmar, MD, FRCPC, FACP Timmins & District Hospital, Timmins, ON, Canada

E

SHAPE:

• Sclerderma
• HIV nephropathy
• Amyloidosis
• Polycystic kidney disease
• Endocrinophathy (diabetes)
  • Author: Dino Santoro University of Manitoba

H

Hematuria: differential: “S#!T”:

• Stones/ Systemic disease (SLE)/ Structural lesions (UPJ obstruction)
• Hematologic disease (sickle cell, coagulopathy)/ Hypercalciuria/ Hereditary (Alport nephritis)/ HSP/ HUS
• Infectious and Immunologic (PSGN)/ IgA nephropathy (Berger nephritis)/ Interstitial disease (interstitial nephritis)/ Idiopathic conditions
• (thin glomerular basement membrane disease or benign familial hematuria)
• Trauma/ Tumor/ TB/ Toxins
  • Author: Vince Yamashiroya

Hydronephrosis: differential: Unilateral is PACT:

• Pelvic-uteric obstruction (congenital or acquired)
• Aberrant renal vessels
• Calculi
• Tumours of renal pelvis

­ Bilateral is SUPER:

• Stenosis of the urethra
• Urethral valve
• Prostatic enlargement
• Extensive bladder tumour
• Retro-peritoneal fibrosis
  • Author: Sushant Varma Medical student, University of Sheffield, UK

N

Nephrotic syndrome: causes for secondary nephrotic syndrome: DAVID:

• Diabetes mellitus
• Amyloidosis
• Vasculitis
• Infections
• Drugs
  • Reference: http://medicalmnemonics.com/

P

Polycystic kidney: genetic marker

• “P” is the 16th letter of the alphabet.
• ­ Autosomal dominant Polycystic kidney disease is associated with abberation on the 16th chromosome.
  • Author: Thomas B. Edmunds, Jr, MD Chief Resident at SUNY Stony Brook

Prostatism: initial symptoms: “Prostatism is initially FUN“:

• Frequency
• Urgency
• Nocturia
  • Author: Peter L University of Queensland Medical School

Pyelonephritis (acute): predisposing factors: SCARRIN’ UP:

• Sex (females <40, males >40)
• Catheterization
• Age (infant, elderly)
• Renal lesions
• Reflux (vesciouteral)
• Immunodeficienct
• NIDDM, IDDM
• Urinary obstuction
• Pregnant
• ­ Acute pyelonephritis heals by scarrin’ up the area (pyelonephritic scar).
  • Author: Yazeed A.Oqaili King Saud University Medical College

T

Testicular atrophy: differential: TESTES SHRINK:

• Trauma
• Exhaustional atrophy
• Sequelae
• Too little food
• Elderly
• Semen obstruction
• Sex hormone therapy
• Hypopituitarism
• Radiation
• Inflammatory orchitis
• Not descended
• Kleinfelter’s
  • Author: Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

U

Urinary incontinence: causes of acute and reversible: DRIP:

• Delirium
• Restricted mobility/ Retention
• Inflammation / Infection/ Impaction [fecal]
• Pharmaceuticals / Polyuria
• ­ “Drip” is convenient since it is urinary incontinence, so urine only drips out.
  • Reference: http://medicalmnemonics.com/