This course is a science that deals with the microstructure of the human body and its relationship with the body’s microstructure and functions.
An understanding of normal microscopic structures is a necessary prelude to the study of pathology. Histology serves as a bridge between basic medicine and clinical medicine.

The first part of this course describes the four primary tissues and the second part covers the microstructures of organ systems.
There are four main kinds of tissue: epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscular tissue and nervous tissue. There are eight major systems in the body: nervous system, circulatory system, immune system, respiratory system, digestive system, urinary system, reproductive system and endocrine system.
Thus the human body may be examined at four structural levels: as cells, tissues, organs and systems. Although most medical students are not going to become histologists, a thorough knowledge of histology is fundamental for them as future doctors.

Knowledge
1. Understand the course of histology.
2. Understand the commonly used histological techniques.
3. Understand the reasons for studying the subject.
4. Understand the relationship between bi-dimensional image and tri-dimensional structure.
Skills
1. Understand light microscopy.
  Understand the electron microscopy.
2. Transmitter electron microscope
3. Scanning electron microscope

1. Lectures: to make up 95% of all theory;
2. The self-learning with teacher guide: to make up 5% of all theory (e.g. Skin);
3. Explain clinical main points combining with related knowledge (clinical correlation)

1. View the video in the laboratory.
2. Observe the histological section and recognize the cells, tissues, and organs.
3. Draw a diagram each time in class.
4. Provide the images from the slides of students and teacher and let the students have a small group discussion.

Contents	Theory	Experiment	Total
Introduction, Epithelial tissue	2.5	2.5	5
Connective tissue	2.5	2.5	5
Cartilage and bone	2.5	2.5	5
Blood and heamatopoiesis	2.5	2.5	5
Muscle tissue	2.5	2.5	5
Nerve tissue	2.5	2.5	5
Nervous system	2.5	2.5	5
Circulatory system	2.5	2.5	5
Immune system	2.5	2.5	5
Skin	2.5	2.5	5
Endocrine system	2.5	2.5	5
Digestive system	5	5	10
Digestive system	2.5	2.5	5
Respiratory system	2.5	2.5	5
Eyes and ears	2.5	2.5	5
Urinary system	2.5	2.5	5
Male reproductive system	2.5	2.5	5
Female reproductive system	2.5	2.5	5
Total	45	45	90

Examination pattern
1. The theory exam: The students are required to write the answers.
2. The laboratory exam: The students finish it in the laboratory. The students are required to recognize the images or histological sections provided by teachers.
Marks distribution

1. The theory score makes up 70% of the total score, including Quiz: 5%; Self-learning: 5%; mid-term exam: 20%; Final exam: 70%
2. The laboratory score takes up 30% of all score, including Student participation, attitude, and drawing: 10%,
3. Recognizing the histological sections or images: 20%
4. The total score includes the theory exam score and laboratory score.

Junquera; J. Carneiro,Basic Histology, L. C. 11^thEdition, New York, McGraw-Hill Companies, 2005
L. P. Gartner & J. L. Hiatt,Color Atlas of Histology, 3^rdEdition, New York, Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2002

Human embryology is a science that is concerned with the beginning and development of the human embryo, as well as human embryonic developing mechanisms including gametogenesis, fertilization, the relationship between the embryo and the maternal body, as well as congenital malformation etc.

General embryology only deals with the beginning of the embryo and early development of the embryo, including the pre-embryonic and embryonic periods.
Systemic Embryology deals with the development of individual organs & systems.

1. Lectures: to make up 98% of all theory.
2. The self-learning with teacher guide: to make up 1-2 % of all theory (e.g. The gametogenesis).
3. Explain clinical diseases combining with related knowledge (clinical correlation).

1. Observe and recognize the human-embryo specimens, models, and pictures.
2. Students discuss the images provided by teaches in a small group.

Contents	Theory	Experiment	Total
Introduction	9
Development of the face, neck, and limb	3
Development of digestive system and respiratory system	3
Development of urogenital system	3
Development of cardiovascular system	3
Development of nervous system	3
Total	24	3	27

Examination pattern
1. The theory exam: The students are required to write answers.
2. The laboratory quiz: The students are required to recognize embryonic models at the laboratory.
Marks distribution

1. The theory score makes up 90% of the total score.
2. The laboratory score makes up 10% of all score, including:
  - Student participation and attitude: 5%
  - Recognizing the embryonic models or images: 5%
3. The total score includes the theory exam score and laboratory quiz score.

T. W. Sadler,Langman’s Medical Embryology, 9^thEdition, Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2005
William J. Larsen,Human Embryology, 3^rdEdition, Churchill Livingstone, 2001

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